ljx0012無知 發表於 2012-8-11 16:31:24

【當歸四逆湯】

<P align=center><FONT size=5><STRONG>【<FONT color=red>當歸四逆湯</FONT>】</STRONG></FONT></P>
<P align=center><STRONG><FONT size=5></FONT></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>【來源】《傷寒論》</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>【命名】以本方主藥當歸及主治證血虛寒客之四肢厥逆而命名。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>【組成與方解】</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>桂枝-----溫通經脈,宣通陽氣鼓&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   君</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>當歸-----溫補肝血&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 君</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>白芍-----養血和營&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 臣</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>細辛-----溫經散寒,以助桂枝之力&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  臣</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>通草(木通)-----通血脈&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;佐</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>甘草、大棗-----益氣健脾,調和諸藥&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;使</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>本方證是素體陽氣與陰血虧虛,複感外寒所致。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>手足厥寒----今素體陽氣不足,陰血虧虛,外感寒邪入裏,凝滯經脈,導致氣血運行不暢,衛陽不能達四末溫煦四肢;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>這種手足厥寒只是手指及腕踝部不溫,與四肢厥逆之手冷過肘、足冷過膝有別。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>另外,外寒太盛,直中經絡,導致經脈收引,氣血運行不暢,則可見腰、股、腿、足疼痛。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>舌淡苔白,脈細欲絕或沈細,是陰血不足,寒邪內侵之象。治宜溫經散寒,養血通脈。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>根據《內經》“寒者熱之”,“虛者補之”的原則,本方中的當歸甘溫,入肝經,補血和血,爲溫補肝經要藥;桂枝辛溫,溫經通脈,祛散經脈寒邪且能暢通血行,兩味共用爲君。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>以白芍、細辛爲臣,白芍養血和營,與當歸相合,補益營血,與桂枝相伍,調和營衛與氣血;細辛辛溫,外溫經脈,內溫髒腑,通達表裏,以散寒邪,可助桂枝溫經散寒。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>通草爲佐,以通經脈。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>甘草、大棗味甘,益氣健脾,調和諸藥,共爲使藥。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>諸藥合用溫而不燥,補而不滯,共奏溫經通脈,養血散寒之功。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>【功用】溫經散寒,養血通脈。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>【主治】</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>(1)陽氣不足而又血虛,外受寒邪。手足厥寒,舌淡,苔白,脈細欲絕或沉細。</STRONG></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>(2)寒入經絡、腰、股、腿、足疼痛。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>【臨床運用】</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.用方要點&nbsp; 本方是治療素體血虛,寒凝經脈病證之方,以手足厥寒,舌淡苔白,脈細或細微欲絕爲辨證要點。對寒凝經脈所導致的肢體及關節痹痛亦有效。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.使用注意&nbsp; 本方只適用于血虛寒凝之四肢厥冷,其他原因引起的四厥病證不宜使用本方。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.隨證加減&nbsp; 治療血虛寒凝之腰、股、腿、足疼痛,可酌加川續、牛膝、雞血藤等以活血止痛,強筋健骨;</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>若牽引小腹冷痛,肢冷脈沈,或婦女經期少腹冷痛者,加烏藥、小茴香、高良姜、木香等,以暖肝理氣止痛;若巅頂痛,嘔吐白沫等屬于內有久寒,可加吳茱萸、生姜降逆止嘔,散寒止痛。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4.現代應用&nbsp; 本方現代常用于治療風濕性心髒病,冠心病,頭痛,高血壓,中風及中風後遺症,肩周炎,痛風性關節炎,術後腸粘連,前列腺增生,閉經,痛經,子宮內膜異位症,新生兒硬腫症,雷諾病,荨麻疹,多形性紅斑,凍瘡,類銀屑病,過敏性鼻炎等屬于血虛寒凝,經脈不暢者。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>當歸四逆桂芍棗,細辛甘草與通草,</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>血虛肝寒手足冷,煎服此方樂陶陶。</STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
<P><STRONG>引用:岐黃中醫網 <BR></STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG><FONT color=magenta></FONT></STRONG>&nbsp;</P>
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